Changes of a similar character were found also in human subjects during periods of different intensity of training: e.g., the deposits of fat in gymnasts decreased in spite of an increased caloric intake when training was intensive, but increased after interruption of training, even when the caloric intake was markedly reduced. Increased intensity of exercise caused the reduction of fat depared trained and untrained subjects. This applied to all age categories : preschool, adolescence, and adult and advance age.

Most marked changes were found in adult top athletes where the intensity of training was highest. In this case there was also a differentiation of dynamic and static sport disciplines : the lowest relative weight and depot fat ratio was found, e.g., in long distance runners, who achieved the highest levels of aerobic capacity.

Members of static sports disciplines, e.g. , weight lifters and wrestlers, had not only an increased body weight but, especially in higher weight categories, the values of fat ratio were above levels usually considered borderline for obesity. The aerobic capacity was low in this case.

Caloric intake related to body weight was increased, compared to the normal sedentary population, in both cases. Highest weight and fatness wass found in Sumo wrestlers, who had a very high caloric intake and mainly static training.

In these athletes elevated insulin levels and prediabetic changes after glucose tolerance test appeared; the hyperresponse of insulhn decreased significantly with weigh reduction. As is apparent, only specified types of work load can influence in a positive way the aerobic capacity, lipid metabolism, and body fatness ; therefore, "joggimg" or similar exercise is recommended as a preventive measure against metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Differing kinds of fitness and performance capacities in individual disciplines of top sports must be specified ; they do not always imply the best overall general physical fitness and optimal health status desirable for the normal population with regard to health prognosis.